WHY DO PEOPLE MOSTLY YOUTHS LEAVE RURAL AREAS FOR URBAN AREAS IN LARGE NUMBER, HOW CAN THIS MOVEMENT BE CHECKED

INTRODUCTION One noticeable issue in the society today is the rate at which people (including youths and adults) migrate from the rural to the urban areas. Like a paradox, while the cities (urban areas) are increasing in population, the rural areas are decreasing. One of the factors that is responsible for rural -urban migration is lack of / inadequate social amenities and facilities in the rural areas. These include pipe borne water, electricity, good roads, hospitals, schools, recreational centres (like Stadiun, Zoo, Amusement park) among others. Inadequate jobs in the rural areas also make many youths to migrate to the urban areas that can provide better opportunities for them. Rural-urban migration has negative consequences. It leads to overpopulation of the urban areas thus encouraging crime in the society. Those who engage in crime prefer the urban areas being turgid with wealthy individuals. Rural -urban migration slows down the rate of development of the rural areas. In view of the negative consequences, Government of each country in the world should strive to provide social amenities and facilities in the rural areas and also provide jobs for the citizens in the rural areas. Reason why youths leave rural area to urban area in large number Rural-urban drift occurs as individual, commercial, and governmental efforts to reduce time and expense in commuting and transportation while improving opportunities for jobs, education, housing, and transportation. Living in cities permits the advantages of the opportunities of proximity, diversity, and marketplace competition. However, the advantages of rural-urban drift are weighed against alienation issues, stress, increased daily life costs, and negative social aspects that result from mass marginalization. Subrural-urban drift, which is happening in the largest of the developing countries cities, was sold and seen an attempt to balance these the negative aspects of urban life while still taking being able to access to a large extent such shared resources. Cities are known to be places where money, services and wealth are centralized. Many rural inhabitants come to the city for reasons of seeking fortunes and social mobility. Businesses, which provide jobs and exchange capital are more concentrated in urban areas. Whether the source is trade or tourism, it is also through the ports or banking systems that foreign money flows into a country, commonly located in cities. Water Quality much of the rainfall in watersheds having forests and pastures is absorbed into the porous soils (infiltration), is stored as ground water, and moves back into streams through seeps and springs. Thus, in many rural areas, much of the rainfall does not enter streams all at once, which helps prevent flooding. When areas are urbanized, much of the vegetation and top soil is replaced by impervious surfaces such as roads, parking lots, and pavement. When natural land is altered, rainfall that used to be absorbed into the ground now must be collected by storm sewers that send the water runoff into local streams. These streams were not “designed by nature” to handle large amounts of runoff, and, thus, they can flood. Economy -Seeking Employment - Informal Sector (Market) How can the rural-urban drift be checked One of the major forms of migration that tends to create problems in all developing countries is that of rural-Urban migration. Since we recognize that this form of migration is a major problem, solutions have to be provided in order to prevent the occurrence of over population at the receiving regions. The solutions to the problems of rural-Urban migration include: 1. Provision of social amenities: The provision of social amenities such as water, electricity, cinemas, roads and telephones in rural areas will go a long way in reducing the rate at which youth move to Urban areas. 2. Transportation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture: This will enable the youth to engage in agriculture as the system will make farming interesting. 3. Establishment of Industries: The establishment of industries, projects and businesses that will absorb the rural working population and reverse labor movement will go a long way in reducing rural-urban drift. 4. Establishment of educational institutions: The establishment of colleges and other institutions of higher learning in rural areas will also help to reduce movement to urban centers. 5. Establishment of corporate branches: Government departments, business firms and financial institutions should be encouraged to establish their branches in rural areas. 6. provision of recreation facilities: If recreational facilities like stadia, swimming pools, cinema houses, amusement parks, etc are made available in rural areas, this will reduce the propensity of the youths moving to Urban areas. CONCLUSIONS Urban drift is the physical growth of urban areas as a result of rural migration and even suburban concentration into cities, particularly the very largest ones. Rural-urban drift can describe a specific condition at a set time, i.e. the proportion of total population or area in cities or towns, or the term can describe the increase of this proportion over time. So the term rural-urban drift can represent the level of urban relative to overall population, or it can represent the rate at which the urban proportion is increasing. 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